The algorithm helped obtain the optimal enhanced seismic volume that is preferable for the structural interpretation of seismic data and possibly could be used successfully for a seismic inversion. Currently construction of the underground research facility, onkalo, is going on at the olkiluoto site. Introduction to the interpretation of seismic refraction data. Appraising structural interpretations using seismic data. In addition to the developments in all aspects of conventional processing, this content represents a comprehensive and complete coverage of the modern trends in the seismic industryfrom time to depth, from 3d to 4d, from 4d to 4c, and from isotropy to anisotropy. Several geological and technical parameters may be related to the noise. The text contains all the wellaired aspects of interpretation, such as pitfalls, seismic stratigraphy, velocity analysis and its uses etc. The november 2016 issue of interpretation features special sections on characterizing the subsurface with multiples. Seismic interpretation, niger delta, hydrocarbon, growth faults, horizons. What it has in addition, however, that makes the book just that little bit more useful than others are the really practical tips. To constrain the seismic stratigraphic interpretation to the wellbore data, well to seismic tie is performed. Seismic 2d reflection processing and interpretation of. This modern introduction to seismic data processing in both exploration and global geophysics demonstrates practical applications through real data and tutorial examples. It intends to give a full image of the laurentian sub.
The underlying physics and mathematics of the various seismic analysis methods are presented, giving students an appreciation. Relieve interpreters from tedious and repetitive activities so they can spend more time evaluating plays and validating findings. All modern seismic interpretation software can perform the numerical transform that converts 3d seismic wiggletrace data into a 3d coherency volume. After the geology of the area to be studied is known, a data gathering process commences.
Pdf seismic data processing judith adesola academia. Interval seismic velocities generally increase with depth. Because rocks are opaque, it is very difficult to see. The narrow bands of low coherency values that extend across this time slice are created by. The rio del rey basin is one of the more productive basin of the gulf of guinea. Structural interpretation of seismic data from an xy field, onshore. Processing, inversion and interpretation of seismic data. Conscious application of seismic image stretching is used in the seismic interpretation process because it helps to enhance certain aspects of the display that ease the interpretation stewart, 2011. Well data required for interpretation are wireline logs gamma ray logs, resistivity logs, porosity log, sonic logs, density logs and neutron logs or equivalent rock property model, check shot data, vertical seismic profile vsp.
Data analysis and interpretation was done using smt. Figure i1 shows a seismic section from the gulf of mexico, nearly 40 km in. Seismic interpretation, whether for hydrocarbon exploration or geotechnical studies, is the determination of the geological significance of seismic data. Attributes are secondary properties derived from prestack reflection data or more often from the images themselves. Presents image processing concepts that may be readily applied directly to seismic data. It is rare that the correctness or incorrectness of an interpretation can be ascertained, because the actual geology is rarely known in enough detail. Seismic data interpretation seismic data interpretation. Characterization of a shalegas reservoir based on a seismic amplitude variation with offset inversion for transverse isotropy with vertical axis of symmetry media and quantitative seismic interpretation. The book is aimed especially at those new to interpretation, who, when confronted with a pile of fresh seismic sections, wonder where to start the interpretation, what to pick, how to recognise multiples and so forth, the book is divided into two halves, but these are not a geophysical half and a geological half as might be expected. Instantaneous local amplitudes, phases, frequencies, bandwidths, etc. Chapter 11 structural interpretation of seismic reflection data. Seismic data processing geos 469569 spring 2006 geos 469569 is a mix of digital filtering theory and practical applications of digital techniques to assemble and enhance images of subsurface geology. Pdf geological interpretation of reflection seismic data.
Because nearly all modern seismic data are in digital form in order to be stored and analyzed in computers, we need to learn several important concepts about sampled time series such as sampling rate and aliasing. In this study, the hydrocarbon potential of xyfield in onshore. Includes readytorun matlab algorithms for most of the techniques presented. The drawback of seismic insitu data is their complexity, their noise, and their nonlinear relation to the geology. To help you to get started, have a look at this pdf 1. Seismic interpretation an overview sciencedirect topics. Seismic interpretation is the extraction of subsurface geologic information from seismic data. Finally, the chapter describes a suite of interpretation pitfalls that any interpreter of seismic data should be aware of before interpreting seismic images. Seismic data interpretation using digital image processing. This book introduces readers to the field of seismic data interpretation and evaluation. For accurate structural analysis, an effort should be made to convert the time data to depth. However, conventional finitedifference fd methods of fractional partial difference equation adopt a global difference operator to. Seismic stratigraphic and quantitative interpretation of. We can see the synthetic on the middle matches very well with the seismic correlation is 70%.
Simply defined, seismic interpretation is the science and art of inferring the geology at some depth from the processed seismic record. Conceived in 1979 and first published in 1986, the book helps geoscientists extract more information from their seismic data and improve the quality of their interpretations. Jun 02, 2017 provides an easy to understand overview of popular seismic processing and interpretation techniques from the point of view of a digital signal processor. The data has geological structures to interpret and three horizons to pick. Pdf acquisition, processing and interpretation of high. However, if we seek a more penetrating explanation, we find practitioners get tonguetied and talk around the subject in a variety of ways. Although more information leads to less uncertainty in deriving the geological model, interpretation of abundant data can be exhausting. This publication is the definitive, and now classic, text on the subject of interpretation of 3d seismic data. Basics of seismic interpretation the lesson uses the basics seismic reflection principles, and allows the student to apply them to interpret a geologic framework, conduct a data analysis, prospect for hydrocarbons, and then assess whether the basin should be bid on and provide an economic analysis. Acquisition, processing and interpretation of highresolution seismic data using a smallscale multichannel system. Stratigraphic traps are generally subtler and difficult to recognize on seismic sections as opposed to structural traps. Ppt structural interpretation of seismic data kamal. An introduction to seismic interpretation pdf free download. It is the study of seismic data for the purpose of extracting stratigraphic information.
Interpretation of threedimensional seismic data, sixth ed. The present investigation involved the interpretation of old secondary seismic sections in order to come up with a subsurface structure with an aim of identifying and delineating possible hydrocarbon traps and prospective areas. Interpretation of any data, especially seismic data in petroleum exploration, needs to be conclusive and logically extended to its geological implications, in eval. Basics of seismic interpretation incorporated research. This course provides entrylevel training in seismic interpretation and serves as a foundation for intermediate and advanced geophysics seismic courses. Five lines of 2d seismic data from lokichar basin were interpreted. Seismic data provide a time picture of subsurface structure.
Seismic data interpretation and evaluation for hydrocarbon. Conventional processing of reflection seismic data yields an earth image represented by a seismic section which usually is displayed in time. Enwenode onajite, in seismic data analysis techniques in hydrocarbon exploration, 2014. Viscous seismic wave propagation simulation by using fractional order equation has attracted much recent attention. This book is devoted to application of the reflection seismic method to the exploration and development of oil and gas fields. In year 2001 olkiluoto was selected for the site of final disposal. Appraising structural interpretations using seismic data theoretical elements modeste irakarama 1, paul cupillard, guillaume caumon1, paul sava2, and jonathan edwards.
Well data are gotten from rock samples and measurements at depth from a wellbore. Combine potent interpretation power with exciting visualization and pointandclick convenience. Quantification of uncertainty in 3d seismic interpretation. The february 2017 issue of interpretation features special sections on interpretation of lab rockphysics data by numerical simulations, seismic timefrequency analysis, and analog modeling as an aid to structural interpretation. Vertical exaggeration of seismic image data creates images with apparent reflection continuity and exaggerates dips of structures and horizons. We also have at his neighboring the doualakribicampo basin which with the rio del rey constitutes a great reserve of hydrocarbon and high potential reservoirs. Oz yilmaz has expanded his original work on processing to include inversion and interpretation of seismic data. Oct 31, 20 seismic stratigraphy deals with interpretation. Extract the best possible interpretation analysis from your seismic data. Seismic attributes seismic interpretation often relies on attribute sections and 3d images. Basin, the south whale basin and west grand banks area, integrating all available data wells, 2d seismic. While modern multichannel data have increased the quantity and quality of interpretable data, proper interpretation still requires that the interpreter draw upon his or her geological understanding to pick.
The geophysical analysis project is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the usgs energy resources programs 2d and 3d seismic reflection data processing facility located in denver, colorado. Because of the completeness of data within that volume, the interpreter has more information than he would from the analysis of a 2d seismic data set. Structural interpretation of seismic reflection data. The first twothirds of the text consists of chapters on seismic waves, data acquisition and processing, the use of welldata, geophysical and geological interpretation and hydrocarbon reservoirs and their detection. We investigate how this interpretational uncertainty interlinks with seismic data. It allows interpreters to make geological sense of seismic data, which carries in herent uncertainty. Reflection including 2d and 3d shear wave refraction 2d reflection seismic data provide crosssectional views in both the dip and strike. Starting from the introduction to the seismic methods in chapter 1.
Seismic interpretation seismic attributes rock physics seismotectonics seismic stratigraphy geophysical prospect appraisal petroleum system modelling seismic dynamic reservoir characterization seismic reservoir monitoring seismic inversion evaluation of seismic data hydrocarbon exploration and production, limitations and pitfalls evaluation of. Practical seismic interpretation pdf free download. The first twothirds of the text consists of chapters on seismic waves, data acquisition and processing, the use of well data, geophysical and geological interpretation and hydrocarbon reservoirs and their detection. The quality of data the seismic interpreter has determines the quality of the results of the interpretation after the study is completed. Pdf a highresolution seismic survey was designed to improve the quality of seismic data and study the evolution of inner shelf deposits off the. Fault interpretation in seismic reflection data digital. Seismic 2d reflection processing and interpretation of shallow refraction data abstract posiva oy takes care of the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel in finland. Four case studies make up almost the entire last third of the book.
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